基于冲突避免的无线表决系统MAC协议设计

Design of MAC protocol for wireless voting system based on conflict avoidance

终端设备和收发基站的通信效率和稳定性在无线表决系统中是亟须解决的关键问题。由于单个无线信道同一时刻只能由一个设备使用,因此目前终端设备和收发基站的数据传输通常使用轮询的方式进行传输或者基于时分多址(TDMA)的方式共享信道。针对无线表决系统当前传输方式存在效率低、含有大量冗余数据包以及信道繁忙使得相邻信道间干扰较强导致容易丢包等缺点,基于LoRa设备的信道活动检测机制设计了一种三阶段冲突避免算法。结合可靠传输机制设计了无线表决系统的介质访问控制层(MAC)传输协议,以减少无线表决系统传输中的冗余数据,并提升传输效率以及稳定性。实验结果表明,基于该协议的无线表决系统的数据传输效率大幅提升,并且可以有效降低数据丢包带来的额外时间消耗。

The communication efficiency and stability of the terminal equipment and the communication base station are the key problems to be solved in the wireless voting system.Since a single wireless channel can only be used by one device at the same time,the data transmission between terminal devices and base station usually uses a polling method for transmission or a channel based on Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA).The current transmission mode of wireless voting system has some disadvantages,such as low efficiency,a large number of redundant data packets and strong interference between adjacent channels.To solve these problems,a three-stage conflict avoidance algorithm was designed based on the channel activity detection mechanism of LoRa(Long Range)equipment.Combined with the reliable transmission mechanism,the Medium Access Control(MAC)layer transmission protocol of wireless voting system was designed to reduce the redundant data in wireless voting system transmission and improve the transmission efficiency and stability.Experimental results show that the data transmission efficiency of the wireless voting system based on the proposed protocol is greatly improved,and the extra time consumption caused by data packet loss can be effectively reduced.