辣木种子主要成分分离制备及功能应用研究进展

Research Progress on Separation,Preparation and Functional Application of Main Components from Moringa oleifera Seeds

辣木是亚洲和非洲广泛种植的一种药食同源植物。辣木生长快、种子产量高,每公顷辣木可产种子24 t。辣木种子含油19%~47%,蛋白质10%~52%,硫代葡萄糖苷及其水解产物异硫氰酸酯6.2%~8.6%。辣木油具有抗氧化、抗菌和抗炎作用,其不饱和脂肪酸含量高达71.7%~83.1%,是优质的食用油来源。辣木蛋白具有抗菌作用,是良好的食用和饲料用蛋白源。辣木种子所含硫代葡萄糖苷及其水解产物异硫氰酸酯有抗炎、抗肿瘤和降血糖等作用。辣木种子具有较高的开发利用价值。本文综述辣木种子上述四种主要成分分离制备和功能应用的研究进展,为辣木种子综合开发利用提供参考。

Moringa oleifera is a medicinal and edible plant widely grown in Asia and Africa.The plant has a seed yield of 24 ton per hectare.Moringa seeds contain 19%to 47%oil,10%to 52%protein,6.2%to 8.6%glucosinolate and its hydrolysates isothiocyanates.Moringa oil has antioxidant,antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities,which contains 71.7%to 83.1%unsaturated fatty acids and is a high quality edible oil.Moringa proteins have antibacterial activities,and are good protein source for food and feed.Moringa glucosinolate and its degradation product isothiocyanate have anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor and hypoglycemic activities.M.oleifera seeds have a good value for development and utilization.In this paper,research progress on separation,preparation and functional application of these four main components from M.oleifera seeds was reviewed,which provided basis for comprehensive development and utilization of M.oleifera seeds.