苍耳子多糖的理化性质与生物学活性研究

Study on physicochemical properties and biological activities of polysaccharides from Fructus Xanthii

文章采用热水、螯合剂、0.05 mol/L NaOH和1.00 mol/L NaOH溶剂从苍耳子中分别提取出WXP、CXP、BXP、AXP 4种多糖组分,并检测各种多糖组分的理化特性及生物学活性。化学组成分析结果表明,WXP、CXP、BXP、AXP的总糖质量分数、蛋白质质量分数、糖醛酸质量分数以及单糖组成均不相同,WXP、BXP、AXP由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖以及半乳糖组成,CXP由鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖及葡萄糖组成,其组成比例均不相同。傅里叶变换红外光谱(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,FTIR)图谱表明,4种多糖组分均显示有典型的多糖官能团吸收峰,但相比于其他3种组分,CXP在860 cm^(-1)处显示出β-糖苷键的特征吸收峰。生物学活性研究表明,与CXP相比,WXP、BXP、AXP在体外抗氧化活性方面表现出更好的效果,当质量浓度为5.0 mg/mL时,AXP的DPPH自由基、羟基自由基以及ABTS自由基清除率分别达到92.7%、77.5%、99.9%;4种多糖组分通过抑制LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞分泌NO显示出良好的抗炎活性,当质量浓度达到400.0μg/mL时,NO的释放量减少近50%。结果表明采用不同提取方法的苍耳子多糖在理化性质与生物学活性上存在差异。研究结果可为苍耳子多糖的开发利用提供理论支持。

In this study,four polysaccharides components WXP,CXP,BXP and AXP were sequentially extracted from Fructus Xanthii by using hot water,chelating agent,0.05 mol/L NaOH and 1.00 mol/L NaOH.Their physicochemical properties and biological activities were studied.The results of chemical composition analysis showed that WXP,CXP,BXP and AXP were obviously different in total sugar contents,protein contents,uronic acid contents and monosaccharide composition.WXP,BXP and AXP were composed of rhamnose,arabinose,xylose,mannose,glucose and galactose.CXP consisted of rhamnose,arabinose,xylose and glucose.The four polysaccharides varied in monosaccharide composition.Meanwhile,four polysaccharide components displayed characteristic polysaccharide bands in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Compared with the other three components,CXP showed a characteristic absorption peak of β-glycosidic bond at 860 cm^(-1).Biological activity studies showed that compared with CXP,the other three components showed better effects in terms of in vitro antioxidant activities.When the concentration was 5.0 mg/mL,the DPPH radical,hydroxyl radical and ABTS radical scavenging rates of AXP could reach 92.7%,77.5%and 99.9%,respectively.Besides,the four polysaccharide components showed anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting LPS-induced NO secretion in RAW264.7 macrophage,and the release of NO was reduced by nearly 50%when the concentration reached 400.0μg/mL.The results showed that there were differences in the physicochemical properties and biological activities of Fructus Xanthii polysaccharides extracted by different methods.The results can provide theoretical support for the development and utilization of Fructus Xanthii polysaccharides.