医学营养干预运用于GDM孕妇中的效果分析

Effect Analysis of Medical Nutrition Intervention in Pregnant Women with GDM

目的探究医学营养干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇的血糖控制、母婴结局的效果。方法选择2018年2月-2019年2月于我院住院治疗的GDM孕妇70例,利用随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组各35例。对照组在一般治疗基础上应用常规糖尿病饮食和运动训练,观察组在一般治疗基础上应用医学营养干预联合运动训练,比较两组干预后4周空腹血糖、餐后1h和2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、母婴结局。结果干预后,观察组FBG、OGTT 1h、OGTT 2h和HbA1c水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组胎膜早破、羊水过多、剖宫产发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),两组在妊娠期高血压、产后出血上无统计学差异(P>0.05)。观察组早产儿、新生儿低血糖发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),两组巨大儿、呼吸窘迫、高胆红素血症无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论医学营养干预有助于控制GDM孕妇的血糖水平,改善母婴结局。

Objective To explore the effect of medical nutrition intervention on blood glucose control and maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods 70 pregnant women with GDM hospitalized in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2019 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group received routine diabetes diet and exercise training on the basis of general treatment.The observation group was treated with medical nutrition intervention combined with exercise training on the basis of general treatment.The fasting blood glucose,postprandial 1H and 2H blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin and maternal and neonatal outcomes of the two groups were compared after 4 weeks of intervention.Results After the intervention,the levels of FBG,OGTT 1h,OGTT 2h and HbA1c in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of premature rupture of membranes,excessive amniotic fluid and cesarean section in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in gestational hypertension and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of hypoglycemia in preterm infants and newborns in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in macrosomia,respiratory distress and hyperbilirubinemia between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Medical nutrition intervention is helpful to control the blood glucose level of pregnant women with GDM and improve the maternal and infant outcome.