新兴目录外法学二级学科设置的依据、原因与未来建设

On the Legal Basis,Reasons behind for the Setting of Emerging Secondary Disciplines of Law Outside the Catalogue Regulated by the Ministry of Education and their Future Construction

我国新兴目录外法学二级学科的自主设置已经形成了自上而下与自下而上相结合的相对成熟的层级法律规范体系,使研究生法学教育领域的改革呈现出“法律先行”的“于法有据”状态。在教育行政权的下放与办学自主权的扩大、精准对接国家战略和法治建设的需要、“承包型教育”下的学科建设锦标赛、打造优势学科与特色学科的错位发展策略等多种促生因素的叠加下,各个学位授予单位对于新兴目录外法学二级学科的设置呈现出了一种因内部需求和外部推动而有意建构的内在机理。就未来的法学知识生产和学科建设而言,需要在厘清传统二级学科和新兴二级学科之间关系的基础上,继续创新法学知识的生产方式,并且处理好涉科技应用型学科与涉伦理关怀型学科、学科建设与受教育者能力以及学科设置论证话语与现实建设不成熟等事项之间的关系。

The independent implementation of emerging secondary disciplines of law outside of China's catalogues regulated by the Ministry of Education has formed a relatively mature hierarchical legal regulation system which integrates both the top⁃down path and bottom⁃up path.In turn,it makes the reform in the field of postgraduate legal education presents the“law⁃oriented”and“law⁃based”status.Under the accumulated influence of a series of factors,such as,the decentralization of educational administrative power,the expansion of autonomous school⁃running,the demand for precise matching of national development strategies and the construction of the rule of law,the discipline construction competition under“contracted managerial education”,and the misplaced developmental strategy of creating superior characteristic disciplines,each degree⁃granting unit presents an internal mechanism that is deliberately constructed due to internal demand and external promotion for the establishment of the emerging secondary disciplines of law outside the catalog.In terms of future legal knowledge production and discipline construction,it is necessary to continue to innovate the production methods of legal knowledge on the basis of clarifying the relationship between traditional secondary disciplines and emerging secondary disciplines and to handle different relationships,such as the science⁃related applied disciplines and ethics⁃related disciplines,subject construction and the students’capacities,and the discourse and argumentation of disciplinary setting and the underdeveloped reality.