当代新词语动源类后缀定性及成因研究

The Qualitative Analysis and Causes of Verb-Derived Quasi-Suffixes of Contemporary Chinese New Words

动源类后缀指源自动词性成分的类后缀。本文结合动源类后缀的特异性,确立了五条判定标准,即源自动词性成分、意义有一定程度的抽象、位于词语后位、具有能产性、具有构词的类化性,并据此确定了9个当代新词语动源类后缀。研究发现,这些动源类后缀的产生主要与语义需求的驱动、整词词长的制约、相似构式为“X+V”提供初步可接受基础、后位动词性成分的高认知凸显度有关。口语的传播速度快、媒介强大的推动力也在一定程度上推动了新词语动源类后缀的形成。

The verb-derived quasi-suffix refers to the quasi-suffix derived from verb. This paper established five criteria combined with the specificity of verb-derived suffixes, which are the followings.The meaning of the component has been abstracted to a certain extent, the position is at the end of a word, the component has productivity and can classify the whole word.Based on these criteria, 9 verb-derived quasi-suffixes were determined.The study found that the generation of these quasi-suffixes are mainly related to the driving of semantic demand, the restriction of the length of the whole word, the preliminary acceptable basis provided by the similar construction to “X+V”, and the high cognitive salience of the post verb component. The fast spread speed of spoken language and the powerful impetus of media also promote the generation of verb-derived quasi-suffixes.