论多尔小说中的社会生态学思想——以《所有我们看不见的光》为例

On the Social Ecological Thoughts in Doerr’s Novels——A Case Study of All the Light We Cannot See

从社会生态学视角解读美国作家多尔的小说《所有我们看不见的光》,可以通过三个维度,即生态社会观、生态自然观和生态科技观,从文本中挖掘出等级制观念所带来的一系列社会问题并提出解决策略。首先,生态社会观反对人与人之间的支配关系,否定强者对弱者、上级对下级的压迫和剥削;其次,生态自然观主张人类尊重非人类自然的主体性,并消解人类“优于”非人类自然的心理机制;最后,生态科技观警示人类科技所具有的两面性,批判建立在等级制基础上的科技滥用。多尔认为,只有逐步消除等级制观念,人支配人以及人支配非人类自然的行为才会逐步消失,从而有助于人类走出现今生态问题频发的困境。

The interpretation of All the Light We Cannot See,a novel by American writer Doerr,from the perspective of social ecology,through three dimensions which are ecological views of society,nature and science and technology respectively,can excavate a series of social problems caused by the hierarchical concept rooted in human psychology and put forward some corresponding solution strategies.First of all,the ecological view of society opposes the dominant relationship among human beings and denies the oppression and exploitation of the strong against the weak as well as the superior against the inferior;secondly,the ecological view of nature advocates humans respect the subjectivity of non-human nature and decompose the hierarchical concept that humans are“superior”to the non-human nature;in addition,the ecological view of science and technology warns humans the two sides of science and technology and criticizes the abuse of it based on hierarchy.Doerr believes that,only by gradually eliminating the hierarchical concept in the human psychological mechanism,the phenomenon of some humans dominated by other humans as well as non-human nature by humans will gradually disappear,which will be helpful for mankind to get out of the dilemma of frequent ecological problems in the contemporary era.