李白诗文称引扬马探析

An Analysis of Li Bai's Poems and Articles which Quoting Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru

在李白现存诗文中,称引司马相如24处,称引扬雄15处,扬马(扬雄与司马相如)并称4处。解读这些诗文作品,发现李白对扬马的评价褒贬不一,在不同语境中呈现出不同的结论。当作品语境是借扬马衬托自己或友人时,李白往往对扬马多是称赞,尤其是扬马“献赋入仕”这一相同的为官经历更是让李白对自己的政治前景产生了期许;而当作品语境变为直接评价时,李白往往认为扬马才华不及自己。辨析不同语境下李白对扬马的评价,不但有助于深度解读李白的诗文文本,而且还可以对“扬马激颓波”之内涵进行更深入的辨析。

In li Bai's existing poems,there are 24 references to Sima Xiangru,15 references to Yang Xiong,and 4 references combines them as"Yang Ma".In different contexts,Li Bai's commnets on Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru are different.He always praises them when referring himself or friends from Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru,especially their experience of becoming an officer by composing odes for the emperor gives participance to Li Bai.But Li Bai always believes that Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru's talent is inferior to his own.The analysis of Li Bai's comments on Yang Xiong and Sima Xiangru in different contexts will not only help us to understand li Bai's poems deeply,but also make a further analysis on the connotation of"sticking a mainstay in the decadent poetic style".