中国科学社与民国学术体制之创建

The Science Society of China and the Creation of Academic System of the Republic of China

以中国科学社为代表的近代学会,既是中国现代学术体制化的结果,也是中国现代学术建制化的重要标识。尽管中国没有适合英国皇家学会类型的学术体制生长的合适土壤,真正主导民国学术研究发展者为国立中央研究院这样的法国国家科学院类型的学术机构,但以中国科学社为代表的近代学会仍以突出的贡献促进了中国现代学术制度化进程。中国科学社举办学术年会、研究所及其他学术设施,对推动现代学术体制的确立起了重大作用,堪称近代学会推进民国学术发展之典范。

Chinese modern academic societies,represented by the Science Society of China,could be regarded as the consequence of systemization of Chinese modern academy and the important mark of institutionalization of Chinese modern academy as well.In modern China there was no proper academic condition like the Royal Society in British academic system for Chinese academic system to develop,but it was such academic societies as Academia Sinica,like CNRS in France,that truly dominated the academic development of the Republic of China.Chinese modern academic societies,represented by the Science Society of China,had made great contribution to the systemization of Chinese modern academy.By holding academic annual conferences and establishing those academic societies and other academic institutes,the Science Society of China had played a significant role in promoting the foundation of Chinese modern academic system,and certainly could be taken as a model in those modern academic societies in advancing the academic development of the Republic of China.