基于时间观念的综合护理在精神分裂症患者中的应用效果

Application effects of time concept-based comprehensive nursing on patients with schizophrenia

目的:观察基于时间观念的综合护理在精神分裂症患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年1月该院收治的83例精神分裂症患者的临床资料,根据护理方法不同将其分为对照组(n=41,常规护理)和研究组(n=42,基于时间观念的综合护理),两组均护理3个月。比较两组护理前后危险行为状况[外显攻击行为量表(MOAS)]、精神症状[阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)]、认知功能[可重复性成套神经心理状态测验(RBANS)]和社会功能[精神障碍患者社会功能缺损评定量表(SSFD-MD)]评分。结果:护理后,研究组MOAS(言语攻击、对财物的攻击、自身攻击和体力攻击)、PANSS(阳性症状、阴性症状、一般精神病理)、SSFD-MD(社会参与、家庭生活、自我照料、与人相处、理解与交流)评分均低于对照组,RBANS(即刻记忆、注意力、延迟记忆、视觉广度和言语)评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于时间观念的综合护理有利于改善精神分裂患者的精神症状,提高其认知功能,减少危险行为,增强社会功能,效果优于常规护理。

Objective:To observe application effects of time concept-based comprehensive nursing on patients with schizophrenia.Methods:The clinical data of 83 patients with schizophrenia admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into control group(n=41,routine nursing)and study group(n=42,time concept-based comprehensive nursing)according to different nursing methods.Both groups were nursed for 3 months.The risk behavior status[modified overt aggression scale(MOAS)],the psychiatric symptoms[positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS)],the cognitive function[repeatable battery assessment of neuropsychological status(RBANS)]and the social function[scale of social function deficit for mental disorders(SSFD-MD)]scores were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:After the nursing,the scores of the MOAS(verbal attack,attack on property,autoaggression,and physical aggression),PANSS(positive symptoms,negative symptoms,general psychopathology),SSFD-MD(social engagement,family life,self-care,relationship with people,understanding and communicating)were lower than those of the control group,and the score of RBANS(immediate memory,attention,delayed memory,visual span and speech)of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The time concept-based comprehensive nursing for the patients with schizophrenia is beneficial to improve the mental symptoms and improve their cognitive function,thereby reducing the risk behaviors and enhancing the social function.Moreover,it is superior to the routine nursing.