3种药剂对猕猴桃软腐病菌的抑菌活性及其复配效果研究

Research on Antifungal Activity and Compounding Effect of Three Fungicides on Kiwifruit Soft Rot Pathogens

为了探究丙硫唑、咪康唑和异噻唑啉酮对猕猴桃软腐病菌菌丝生长的抑制活性,本试验采用抑制菌丝生长速率法研究了其对猕猴桃软腐病致病菌葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、可可毛色二孢菌(Lasiodiplodia theobromae)、小新壳梭孢菌(Neofusicoccum parvum)的抑制作用,进一步研究了丙硫唑和咪康唑及异噻唑啉酮的复配制剂对以上病原菌的抑制作用.结果表明,3种药剂对菌葡萄座腔菌、可可毛色二孢菌、小新壳梭孢菌均具有较好的抑制作用,对菌葡萄座腔菌的EC;值分别为20.355, 7.665, 3.759 mg/L;对可可毛色二孢菌的EC;值分别为6.551, 25.915, 0.839 mg/L;对小新壳梭孢菌的EC;值分别为15.484, 6.778, 0.568 mg/L.进一步复配试验发现,丙硫唑与咪康唑或异噻唑啉酮的复配制剂均能够提高对猕猴桃软腐病致病菌的防效,丙硫唑与咪康唑复配制剂抑制以上3种病原菌的最佳复配比分别为1∶1, 1∶1和1∶2;丙硫唑与异噻唑啉酮复配制剂抑制以上3种病原菌的最佳复配比分别为2∶1, 1∶2和1∶1.以上结果对猕猴桃软腐病的化学防治提供了理论依据,为丙硫唑、咪康唑和异噻唑啉酮单剂及复配制剂在生产上的应用奠定了基础.

In order to study the antifungal activity of albendazole, miconazole and isothiazolinones to kiwifruit soft rot pathogens, mycelial growth inhibition assay was used to determine the inhibition rate of the 3 fungicides to Botryosphaeria dothidea, Lasiodiplodia theobromae and Neofusicoccum parvum. Mixtures of albendazole and miconazole or isothiazolinones against the 3 fungi were further studied. The results showed that all the fungicides had good antifungal activity against B. dothidea, L. theobromae and N. parvum. The EC50 values of albendazole, miconazole and isothiazolinones for B. dothidea were 20.355, 7.665 and 3.759 mg/L, for L. theobromae were 6.551, 25.915 and 0.839 mg/L, and for N. parvum were 15.484, 6.778 and 0.568 mg/L, respectively. Further work showed that mixtures of albendazole and miconazole or isothiazolinones had better control effect on B. dothidea, L. theobromae and N. parvum with mixing ratio of 1∶1, 1∶1 and 1∶2, respectively. The mixture of albendazole and miconazole showed the best antifungal activity to B. dothidea, L. theobromae and N. parvum, when mixing ratio was 2∶1, 1∶2 and 1∶1, respectively. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the chemical control of kiwifruit soft rot and lay a foundation for the application of albendazole, miconazole and isothiazolinones in production.