论先行付款制度及其在中国的设立--以1999年《蒙特利尔公约》为参照

Advance Payment System and Its Establishment in China:Taking Montreal Convention in 1999 as a Reference

作为1999年《蒙特利尔公约》的新成果,先行付款制度是航空运输业发展的必然产物,也是全世界航空法专家智慧的结晶。对先行付款制度的价值、沿革和重要问题进行深入研究,有利于正确理解1999年《蒙特利尔公约》中的先行付款制度,以便科学合理地将其设立于中国。通过分析可以发现,设立先行付款制度不仅顺应了中国航空运输业的发展需要,也强化了中国民航法律体系的保护能力,其设立之必要性显而易见;但是,2016年《中华人民共和国民用航空法》意见稿中的先行付款制度仍需进一步修正。同时,考虑到先行付款制度与民航规章的对接,建议制定《民用航空器事故先行付款实施办法》,对先行付款制度予以细化,以规范先行付款制度的具体实施。

As the latest achievement of Montreal Convention in 1999,advance payment system is the inevitable product of the development of air transportation and the crystallization of the wisdom of experts in air law all over the world.Therefore,an in-depth study of the value,evolution and important issues of the advance payment system is conducive to the correct understanding of the advance payment system of the Montreal Convention in 1999,so as to establish the system in China scientifically and reasonably.Through the analysis,we have found that the establishment of advance payment system in China can not only meet the needs of development of China’s air transportation,but also strengthen the protection of the legal system of civil aviation,so it is necessary to establish it in China.However,the advance payment system in the Draft for Comments of Civil Aviation Law of the People’s Republic of China still needs to be further amended.Furthermore,considering the connection between the advance payment system and civil aviation regulations,it is suggested to formulate the Implementation Measures for Advance Payment in Civil Aircraft Accidents and elaborate on the system to ensure its implementation.