肠道微生物代谢苷类化合物的研究进展

Advances in metabolism of glycosides by gut microbiota

肠道微生物对苷类化合物的体内代谢十分重要,可分泌代谢酶进行脱糖基、脱甲基、脱羟基、水解和氧化还原等反应将苷代谢生成次级苷、苷元或其他代谢产物,从而促进苷类药物的吸收并发挥药效。本文论述了肠道微生物及代谢酶对苷类化合物代谢的意义,总结了肠道微生物对不同结构类型的苷类化合物的代谢规律及代谢产物,为了解苷类药物的疗效基础、作用机理及利用微生物转化开发苷类药物提供参考。

Gut microbiota is essential in the metabolism of glycosides in vivo.It is open to metabolism by metabolic enzymes,through deglycosylation,demethylation,dehydroxylation,hydrolysis and other reactions.It is generally believed that glycosides are converted to the corresponding aglycones,secondary glycosides,or other metabolites by the gut microbiota and/or by the metabolic enzymes,and as such absorbed from the small intestine.In this review,we summarize our existing knowledge of the rules underlying the metabolic regulation of gut microbiota in different types of glycosides.The significance of gut microbiota and metabolic enzymes on the glycoside metabolism is also discussed.This paper provides a basis for the understanding of the therapeutic basis and mechanism of glycosides,and development of new drugs by microbial transformation.