时空众包技术综述

A Survey of Spatial Crowdsourcing Techniques

随着先进移动设备的使用和广泛普及,出现了新型的时空众包技术。时空众包正在从各个方面改变着人们的生活,它让普通人群在现实场景中执行基于位置服务的任务成为可能,具有扩展性强、响应时间短和时间成本低等特性。综述了时空众包的研究背景,重点介绍了时空众包技术,主要讨论了时空众包在算法领域的应用,涉及3个核心算法问题:任务分配、众包评估和激励机制。任务分配让众包平台把接收到的任务分配给工作人员,让任务尽可能地匹配到合适的工作人员;众包评估是对工作人员进行评估,判断工作人员能力,确保任务高质量完成,在评估过程中需考虑隐私保护,涉及加密技术;激励机制为奖励优秀的工作人员,同时吸引更多的工作人员参与众包项目。对时空众包技术做了总结并展望未来工作。

With the popularity and widespread usage of advanced mobile devices,a new spatial crowdsourcing technology has emerged.Spatial crowdsourcing is changing people’s lives from various aspects,making it possible for people to perform the tasks of location-based services in real-world scenarios.Spatial crowdsourcing technology has the characteristics of strong expansibility,short response time and low time cost.Firstly,the research background of spatial crowdsourcing is summarized.Secondly,the techniques of spatial crowdsourcing is comprehensively introduced,the application of spatial crowdsourcing algorithms are mainly discussed,including three core algorithm problems:task assignment,crowdsourcing evaluation and incentive mechanism.Task assignment allows the crowdsourcing platform to assign the received tasks to the workers,and guarantee that the task matches with the appropriate workers as much as possible.Crowdsourcing evaluation is used to evaluate workers’capability and ensure that tasks are finished with high quality.Privacy protection needs to be considered in the phase of evaluation,which involves the encryption techniques.Incentive mechanism is applied to reward excellent workers and attract more workers to participate in the crowdsourcing projects.Lastly,the spatial crowdsourcing techniques are summarized and future works are given.