施肥调控水稻镉污染的研究与应用进展

Advances in Research and Application of Fertilization Related to Cadmium Contamination in Rice

施肥是我国农业生产上普遍应用的一项增产措施。目前水稻生产上普遍施用氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)等大量元素肥料,而铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)等微量元素肥料往往被忽视。研究发现,施肥能够影响土壤重金属镉(Cd)的形态变化和水稻Cd积累。本文通过阐述N、P、K、S、Fe、Mn、Zn、Si和有机肥等肥料影响水稻Cd积累的主要作用机理,综述了施肥调控水稻Cd积累的研究进展,以期为更有效地应用施肥技术降低水稻Cd污染,实现水稻安全生产提供理论依据。

Fertilization is a measure to stimulate the agricultural production.In rice production situation people always pay more attention to the macroelement fertilizers such as nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),and potassium(K),but ignore the trace elements such as iron(Fe),manganese(Mn),zinc(Zn)and so on.It was found that fertilization can affect the morphological changes of cadmium in the soil and the accumulation of cadmium in rice.In this paper,the main mechanism of N,P,K,S,Fe,Mn,Zn,Si and organic fertilizers affecting the accumulation of cadmium in rice were described,the research progress of fertilization regulation of cadmium accumulation in rice were reviewed.It is aimed to provide theoretical basis for optimizing the application of fertilization to reduce Cd pollution,which leads to the realization of rice safety production more effectively.