不同施肥处理对云南高海拔粳稻产量及相关性状的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Mechods on Yield and Related Traits of Yunnan High-altitude Japonica Rice

针对云南高海拔(2700 m)粳稻产量较低的情况,研究了不同施肥处理对产量及相关性状的影响。结果表明,氮肥后移、前控后促施肥、缓控释肥替代、增施穗肥处理的产量分别为6.50、5.98、5.63、5.57 t/hm^(2),比对照分别增产24.05%、14.12%、7.44%、6.30%,增产均达显著水平;氮肥后移处理(基肥施腐熟农家肥7.5 t/hm^(2)和复合肥300 kg/hm^(2),不施分蘖肥,促花肥施尿素45 kg/hm^(2),保花肥施尿素45 kg/hm^(2))能促进二次枝梗数的分化,增加群体颖花量,齐穗期倒3叶、倒4叶SPAD差值小,其LAI大,获得最大增产。

The effects of different fertilization treatments on the yield and related traits of high altitude japonica rice(2700 m)in Yunnan were studied because of its low yield.The results showed as follows:the yield of treatments of postponed N-fertilizer application,promoted N-fertilizer after former control,replaced by slow controlled release fertilizer and increased panicule fertilizer were 6.50 t/hm^(2),5.98 t/hm^(2),5.63 t/hm^(2),5.57 t/hm^(2),and significantly increased by 24.05%,14.12%,7.44%and 6.30%compared with the control,respectively.Postponed N-fertilizer application(base fertilizer 7.5 t/hm^(2) and compound fertilizer 300 kg/hm^(2),without tillering fertilizer,promoting flower fertilizer applying urea 45 kg/hm^(2),protecting flower fertilizer applying urea 45 kg/hm^(2))promoted the differentiation of secondary stem number and increased population spikelets.At full heading stage,the SPAD difference of inverted 3 leaves and inverted 4 leaves was the smallest,and LAI was the largest,which resulted in the maximum yield increase.