亚里士多德对“幸福”原理的“人的活动”论证

Aristotle’s argument of“human activity”for the principle of happiness

“人的活动”论证是亚里士多德基于对于灵魂“有逻各斯部分”的整体观点的。它与“实践”论证一道构成亚里士多德对“幸福是灵魂有逻各斯部分依照德性的实现”核心阐释的论证。“人的活动”论证整体地通过灵魂的思想能力和实践性的感觉-行动能力从“能(潜在)”到“实现”的生成运动来说明这一核心阐释。通过把这种“实现”阐述为“灵魂的实践的生命”,通过把这种“实践的生命”与一个“认真的人”的生命,把这个生命与他的“做得好”的德性联系起来,亚里士多德合理地阐明了整体地理解为“人的活动”的“灵魂的实践的生命”的那个善就是幸福,它的“实是”或“是其所是”就是灵魂的能力以一个“认真的人”的那种“做得好”的方式——即德性的方式——的“实现”。

Aristotle’s argument of“human activity”originates from his viewpoint of the logos part of soul.Together with the argument of“practice”,it is one of the two arguments on the theme that“happiness lies in the energeia of the logos part of soul in accordance with virtue”.This argument provides anaccount of the dynamis-energeia movement of nous and the practical sense-actionportion of soul.By taking the energeia as“a practical life of soul”and connecting the latter with the life of“a conscientious man”,and the life with his virtue of well-doing,Aristotle expounds that happiness is the good of the practical life of soul which is taken wholly as“human activity”,and that its ousia or totiheinenai lies in the energeia of the dynamis of soul in the way“a conscientious man”does-the way of virtue.