通过流式影像仪(FowCAM)和镜检方法对北京地区淡水浮游植物进行调查研究

Investigation and research on freshwater phytoplankton in Beijing area by Flow Cytometer and Microscope(FlowCAM)and microscopic

浮游植物是水生态系统的重要初级生产者,其群落结构的时空变动在一定程度上可反映出河流的环境变化趋势。准确、快速地分析浮游植物群落的数量和组成是河流、湖泊等水生态系统研究的重要组成部分。浮游植物检测最传统和最广泛的研究方法是利用光学显微镜直接观测以获得所需数据,但是该方法存在耗时耗力等缺陷,在大面积的浮游植物检测上存在很大的限制。流式影像仪(FlowCAM)是近年来发展起来的新型仪器,其综合流式细胞仪和显微成像技术进行细胞识别和计数,之后利用处理软件实现颗粒筛选和自动分类的功能,可以快速地从图像数据集中提取大量所需信息,在水生态环境监测和研究中具有很高的应用空间。以北京地区淡水浮游植物为例,对比分析FlowCAM和镜检在浮游植物检测上的优缺点,结果表明:与镜检法相比,FlowCAM减少了样品前处理的时间,增加了所测量样品的体积,在细胞计数上有明显优势。但在样品种类鉴定上,FlowCAM只能鉴定到属,镜检可以鉴定到种,且镜检法鉴定出的种类更多。因此,如果研究结果对物种组成要求较低,或只需掌握优势种变动趋势,对物种数量的变动比较敏感,推荐FlowCAM法;但是如果研究结果对种类组成要求较高,则推荐显微镜镜检法。

Phytoplankton is an important primary producer of aquatic ecosystem,and the temporal and spatial variation of phytoplankton community structure can reflect the environmental change trend of river to a certain extent.Accurate and rapid analysis of phytoplankton community quantity and composition is an important part of water ecosystem research in rivers and lakes.The most traditional and extensive research method for phytoplankton detection is to use optical microscope to directly observe the required data,but this method has the defects of time and energy consumption,strong professionalism,and great limitations in the detection of phytoplankton in a large area.Flow Cytometer and Microscope(FlowCAM)is a new kind of instrument developed in recent years,the integrated flow cytometry instrument and microscopic imaging technique is used to identify the cells and count,after using processing software can realize the function of particle filter and automatic classification,can quickly withdraw a large amount of information they need,from image data set has the very high in the water ecological environment monitoring and research the application of the space.In this paper,the advantages and disadvantages of FlowCAM and microscopic detection in the detection of freshwater phytoplankton in Beijing area were compared.The results showed that compared with microscopic detection,FlowCAM reduced the time of sample pretreatment,increased the volume of the measured sample,and had obvious advantages in cell count.However,in the sample species identification,FlowCAM can only identify genus,while microscopic examination can identify species,and microscopic examination can identify more species.Therefore,FlowCAM method is recommended if the research results have low requirements on species composition or are sensitive to changes in the number of species only if the trend of dominant species is grasped.However,if the results of the study require higher species composition,microscopy is recommended.