论列宁对伯恩施坦“和平长入社会主义”的认识与批判

On Lenin’s Understanding and Criticism of Bernstein’s“Peaceful Growth into Socialism”

马克思恩格斯晚年对无产阶级革命策略的思考,其理论重心是把合法的普选权斗争同暴力革命结合起来,试图在触及“社会现实”的时候,能够超越合法斗争与暴力革命的矛盾张力,在其融合点上制订新的革命策略。马克思恩格斯逝世后,伯恩施坦对马克思主义进行全面批判和修正,掀起“和平长入社会主义”思潮。随着伯恩施坦修正主义观点的抛出,列宁从否定性意义上批判了伯恩施坦“和平长入社会主义”的理论危险,从马克思恩格斯的思想中找到了对无产阶级革命策略及其附带合法斗争与暴力革命“共在与承认”的解蔽路径,捍卫了科学社会主义的逻辑内涵。

The theoretical focus of Marx’s and Engels’thinking on the proletarian revolutionary strategies in their later years is to combine the legal struggle for universal suffrage with the violent revolution,try to surpass the contradictory tension between the legal struggle and the violent revolution when touching“social reality”,and formulate a new revolutionary strategy at its integration point.After the death of Marx and Engels,Bernstein comprehensively criticized and revised Marxism and set off the ideological trend of“peaceful growth into socialism”.With the emergence of Bernstein’s revisionist view,Lenin criticized Bernstein’s theoretical danger of“peaceful growth into socialism”in a negative sense,found the solution path of“coexistence and recognition”of the proletarian revolutionary strategy and its accompanying legal struggle and violent revolution from Marx and Engels,and defended the logical connotation of scientific socialism.