竖井参数对400 km·h^(-1)高铁隧道微气压波的影响研究

Influence of Shaft Parameters on Micro-Pressure Wave in High-Speed Railway Tunnels at 400 km·h^(−1)

为了研究400 km·h^(-1)条件下高速铁路隧道内竖井参数对隧道口微气压波的缓解效果,采用重整化群k-ε湍流模型和滑移网格方法开展微气压波数值模拟计算,通过对数值计算结果与动模型试验结果进行对比,验证该数值计算方法能有效捕捉微气压波;在此基础上,运用该数值计算方法研究竖井位置、高度和横截面面积3个参数对隧道微气压波的影响规律。结果表明:对于有竖井的隧道,列车不仅在进入隧道入口时会产生1个初始压缩波,在经过竖井时也会产生1个压缩波,这2个压缩波传播到隧道出口都会辐射出脉冲状的微气压波,即微气压波的第一波峰和第二波峰;第一波峰幅值对竖井位置的变化不敏感,且在竖井高度和横截面面积保持一定的情况下第二波峰幅值均小于第一波峰幅值;当竖井高度增加时,第一波峰幅值增大,第二波峰幅值减小,其中竖井高度为20 m时微气压波幅值最小且缓解率可达35.93%;当竖井横截面面积增大时,第一波峰幅值减小,第二波峰幅值增大,其中竖井横截面面积为64 m^(2)时微气压波幅值缓解率可达48.80%。研究结果对400 km·h^(-1)高速铁路隧道内竖井参数设计有着实际性的参考价值。

In order to study the mitigation effect of shaft parameters on micro-pressure wave at the entrance of 400 km·h^(−1) high-speed railway tunnels,the RNG(Renormalization Group Theory)k-εturbulence model and the sliding mesh method are used to carry out numerical simulation of micro-pressure wave in this paper.Through comparing the numerical simulation results with the dynamic model test results,it is verified that the numerical simulation can effectively capture the micro-pressure wave.On this basis,the influence laws of the shaft positioning,heights and cross-section areas on micro-pressure waves in tunnels are studied by numerical simulation.The results show that,for the tunnel with a shaft,the train will not only produce an initial compression wave at the tunnel entrance,but also produce a compression wave when passing through the shaft.These two compression waves transmit to the tunnel exit and both radiate the pulse-shape micro-pressure waves,which indicates the first and the second peaks of the micro-pressure wave.The first peak amplitude is not sensitive to the change of the shaft position,and when the shaft height and the cross-section area remain at a fixed point,the second peak amplitude is less than the first one.When the shaft height increases,the amplitude of the first peak increases,and the second one decreases.When the shaft height is 20 m,the amplitude of the micro-pressure wave is the smallest and the remission rate can reach 35.93%.When the shaft cross-section area increases,the amplitude of the first peak decreases,and the second one increases.When the shaft cross-section area is 64 m^(2),the remission rate of the micro-pressure wave amplitude can reach 48.80%.The research results have practical and referential values for the design of shaft parameters in 400 km·h^(−1) high-speed railway tunnels.