阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能、运动耐力及呼吸肌肌力的影响

Effects of threshold pressure-loaded respiratory muscle training on pulmonary function,exercise tolerance and respiratory muscle strength in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

目的探讨阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺功能、运动耐力及呼吸肌肌力的影响。方法选取2018年10月—2020年10月洛阳市某医院收治的91例COPD患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n=45)和观察组(n=46)。对照组患者给予常规呼吸肌训练,观察组患者给予阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练,2组患者均持续干预2个月。比较2组患者干预前后肺功能、运动耐力以及呼吸肌肌力。结果干预后,2组患者第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,2组患者6分钟步行试验距离(6MWT)均长于干预前,且观察组长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,2组患者静息心率均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,2组患者最大呼气压(MEP)、最大吸气压(MIP)均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阈值压力负荷呼吸肌训练能够有效改善COPD患者肺功能,提高患者运动耐力以及呼吸肌肌力水平,效果显著,值得在临床上推广价值。

Objective To investigate the effects of threshold pressure-loaded respiratory muscle training on pulmonary function,exercise tolerance and respiratory muscle strength in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods A total of 91 patients with COPD admitted to a hospital in Luoyang from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected as subjects,who were assigned to a control group(n=45)and an observation group(n=46)using the random number table method.Patients in the control group received conventional respiratory muscle training,and patients in the observation group threshold pressure-loaded respiratory muscle training.Patients in both groups received continuous intervention for 2 months.Pulmonary function,exercise endurance and respiratory muscle strength were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results After the intervention,Forced Expiratory Volume In 1s(FEV1)and Forced Vital Capacity(FVC)in both groups were higher than those before the intervention,with the observation group higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The 6 Minutes Walk Test(6MWT)in both groups was longer than those before the intervention,with the observation group longer than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The resting heart rate in both groups was lower than that before the intervention,with the observation group lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The Maximum Expiratory Pressure(MEP)and Maximum Inspiratory Pressure(MIP)in both groups were higher than those before the intervention,with the observation group higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Threshold pressure loading respiratory muscle training can effectively improve pulmonary function,exercise endurance and respiratory muscle strength level in patients with COPD,demonstrating marked effects.These advantages justify a wider application of this technique clinically.