比赛服装颜色影响艺术体操裁判员评分的ERP研究

ERP Study on the Influence of Uniform Color on Rhythmic Gymnastics Referee Score

目的:探究服装颜色对艺术体操裁判员评分结果的影响及机制。方法:采用事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)技术,选择国家级以上艺术体操裁判员(n=19)和三级艺术体操裁判员(n=17)分别观看168对艺术体操难度动作图片,每对2张图片中的动作相同,运动员服装颜色不同。要求被试从2张图片中选择自己认为动作较好的1张,同时记录ERP成分N1和P2的波幅和潜伏期。结果:1)2组裁判员对红色服装图片的选择次数显著高于蓝色和白色;2)新手裁判员对红色服装图片的选择次数显著高于专家裁判员;3)红色服装动作图片引发的N1、P2成分峰值较高,N1潜伏期较短,P2潜伏期较迟;4)新手裁判员由红色服装动作图片引发的N1成分峰值高于专家裁判员,P2峰值低于专家裁判员,P2潜伏期迟于专家裁判员。结论:穿红色服装的运动员具有获胜优势,新手裁判员的评分中红色获胜效应更明显;红色服装对新手裁判员的视觉搜索能力影响较大。

Objective:To study whether uniform color affected the rhythmic gymnastics judge’s performance and perceptual processing.Methods:Using event-related potential(ERP)technology to select rhythmic gymnastics referees above national level(n=19)and three-level rhythmic gymnastics referees(n=17)to watch 168 pairs of rhythmic gymnastics difficult action pictures respectively.The body movement difficults in the two pictures are the same and the athletes’clothing colors are different.The subjects were asked to choose the one with better action from the two pictures,and record the amplitude and latency of ERP components N1 and P2 at the same time.Results:1)The judges of the two groups chose the pictures of red uniform images was significantly higher than blue uniform and white uniform;2)the number of red uniform images judged to be better was significantly higher for novice than expert judges;3)the amplitude of N1,P2 elicited by red uniform images were greater than blue uniform and white uniform,N1 latency is short,P2 latency is late;4)the amplitude of the N1 component elicited by red uniform image for novice was greater than expert judges.The amplitude of the P2 component elicited by red uniform image for novice was greater than expert,latency was longer than expert judges.Conclusions:Athletes wearing red uniform have the advantage of winning;the evaluation of novice judges was influenced greater by the red uniform;red clothing has a great influence on the visual search ability of novice referees.