外能源转管机枪间歇制高功率密度永磁电机设计

Design of an Intermittent High Power Density Permanent Magnet Motor for External Energy Gatling Machine Gun

外能源转管武器的驱动电机是一种具有短时高过载的特种电机,提高其功率密度有利于武器系统的最小化和一体化设计。通过分析不同射频下转管自动机与供输弹阻力矩测试数据,结合自动机短时间歇制工作特点,确定了电机初始设计参数;利用电磁仿真软件Maxwell建立了12槽10极电机模型,通过多参数匹配的方式对磁路结构、定子槽参数、永磁体结构进行优化设计,降低了转矩波动;分析电机工作点的铁心磁密与定子铁心的饱和磁密,提高电机过载能力和功率密度。研究结果表明:数值模拟结果与试验数据吻合较好,验证了仿真模型的可靠性;设计电机转速为5000 r/min最大输出功率为16.3 kW,峰值功率密度可达5.8 kW/kg,在1000~3000发/min的射频下,自动机的启动速度可以达到200 ms左右,在稳定射频下的转速波动小于10%。

External energy Gatling machine guns are equipped with a type of special motor with a short startup time and high overload,and its improved power density is beneficial to the minimization and mechatronics design of weapon systems.The key characteristics of the electric motor,including fast starting speed,high torque,and short working time,are considered in the motor design.By analyzing the test data of the resistance torque and supply resistance torque of the automata under different radio frequencies,the motor design requirements are determined.Using Maxwell software,a 12-slot 10-pole electric motor model is developed.Results shows that the torque ripple can be reduced by optimizing the magnetic circuit structure,stator slot parameters,and the permanent magnet structure.The overload capacity and power density of the electric motor are improved by optimizing the core flux density at the working point and the saturation flux density of the stator core.Simulation results agree well with the experimental data.The maximum output power of the electric motor is 16.3 kW at 5000 r/min,and the peak power density is 5.8 kW/kg.Experiments are conducted at a firing rate of 1000-3000 rounds/min.The automatic acceleration of the electric motor is completed within 200 ms.Upon reaching the rated firing frequency,the speed fluctuation of the electric motor is less than 10%,meeting the design requirements.