我国农村一二三产业融合发展的基本样态与创新路径研究

Research on the Basic Pattern and Innovation Path of the Integrated Development of Rural Primary,Secondary andTertiary Industries in China

农村一二三产业融合发展是新时代推动我国农业农村现代化的重大制度和实践创新。本文首先概括了我国农村一二三产业融合发展的内涵及主要成效;随后,提出“功能—主体—要素—效益”理论分析框架,将其基本样态归纳为多功能融合、多主体融合、多要素融合和多效益融合;依据产业延伸带动作用的不同,探讨其顺向融合模式、双向融合模式和逆向融合模式;分析日本、美国的主要模式及做法,总结了三点可资借鉴的经验。当前,我国农村一二三产业融合发展面临着农业农村多功能开发融合程度不够深、产业融合主体的经营能力和利益联结欠佳、产业融合的要素供给约束、产业融合的多种效益不够协调等问题。故此,应当着力开发农业农村多种功能、发展融合新业态,构建优势互补、紧密联结的多元化产业融合主体,完善产业融合的要素支撑,提升产业融合的多种综合效益。

The integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries is a major institutional and practical innovation to promote agricultural and rural modernization of China in the new era. This paper firstly summarizes the connotation and main achievements of the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in China’s rural areas;then, it puts forward a theoretical analysis framework of "functionsubject-element-benefit", and summarizes its basic forms as multi-functional integration, multi-subject integration, multi-element integration and multi-benefit integration. According to the different driving effects of industrial extension, this paper discusses the forward integration mode, two-way integration mode and reverse integration mode of the integrated development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries in China. This paper analyzes the main models and practices of Japan and the United States, and summarizes three experiences that can be used for reference. At present, the integrated development of China’s rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries is faced with issues such as insufficient integration of agricultural and rural multi-functional development,poor management capabilities and interest linkages of industrial integration entities, constraints on the supply of elements of industrial integration, and insufficient coordination of various benefits of industrial integration. Therefore, efforts should be made to develop multiple functions of rural areas, develop new business forms of integration,build a diversified industrial integration subject with complementary advantages and close connection, improve the factors support of industrial integration, and enhance the various comprehensive benefits of industrial integration.