气质性乐观对大学生主观幸福感的影响:领悟社会支持的中介作用

Effect of dispositional optimism on subjective well-being:The mediating role of perceived social support

目的:探讨气质性乐观、领悟社会支持和主观幸福感之间的关系,重点探讨领悟社会支持在气质性乐观对主观幸福感影响的中介作用。方法:整群抽取西安某大学一到四年级学生268名,采用生活取向测验修订版(LOT-R)、领悟社会支持量表、主观幸福感量表进行问卷调查。结果:(1)气质性乐观与主观幸福感中生活满意度、正性情绪因子显著正相关(r=0.44,0.46,P<0.01),与负性情绪显著负相关(r=-0.24,P<0.05);(2)回归分析显示,气质性乐观(β=-0.24,P<0.01)和领悟社会支持(β=-0.45,P<0.01)显著正向预测主观幸福感;(3)结构方程模型和Bootstrap方法显示,气质性乐观对领悟社会支持(效应值0.54,95%CI:0.44,0.64)和主观幸福感直接效应显著(效应值0.31,95%CI:0.16,0.44);领悟社会支持对主观幸福感直接效应显著(效应值0.52,95%CI:0.25,0.71);领悟社会支持在气质性乐观和主观幸福感之间的中介效应显著(效应值0.28,95%CI:0.13,0.41)。结论:气质性乐观显著影响主观幸福感,领悟社会支持在气质性乐观和主观幸福感关系中起中介作用。

Objective:To explore the relationship between dispositional optimism and subjective well-being in college students,and focuse on the mediating roles of perceived social support between them.Methods:Life Orientation Test-Revised(LOT-R),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)and Subjective well-being scale were administered to 268 college students.Results:(1)Dispositional optimism was significantly positive correlated with positive affect and life satisfaction(r=0.44,0.46;P<0.01),and negatively correlated with positive affect which were measured the subscales of subjective well-being(r=-0.24,P<0.05).(2)Regression analysis revealed that dispositional optimism(β=-0.24,P<0.01)and perceived social support(β=-0.45,P<0.01)significantly positively predicted subjective well-being.(3)Structural equation modeling and bootstrap method indicated that the direct effect of dispositional optimism to perceived social support(0.54,95%CI:0.44,0.64),dispositional optimism to subjective well-being(0.31,95%CI:0.16,0.44)and perceived social support to subjective well-being(0.52,95%CI:0.25,0.71)was significant,the indirect effect of dispositional optimism to subjective well-being through the effect of perceived social support also significant(0.28,95%CI:0.13,0.41).Conclusion:Dispositional optimism affects subjective well-being significantly,and perceived social support plays a mediating role in the relationship between dispositional optimism and subjective well-being.