惧怕否定评价对青少年生命意义感的影响:真实自我的中介作用及性别差异

Effect of fear of negative evaluation on adolescents meaning in life:Mediating effect of true self and gender difference

目的:探讨惧怕否定评价、真实自我、性别与青少年生命意义感之间的关系及其内在作用机制。方法:采用惧怕否定评价量表、真实性量表和拥有生命意义感量表对1668名中学生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)惧怕否定评价与真实自我(r=-0.50,P<0.001)、生命意义感(r=-0.42,P<0.001)显著负相关,真实自我与生命意义感(r=0.42,P<0.001)显著正相关;(2)真实自我在惧怕否定评价与生命意义感之间起部分中介作用(中介效应值=-0.12,Bootstrap95%CI=-0.14~-0.09,中介效应占比33.33%);(3)性别调节该中介模型的直接路径(β=-0.08,t=-2.04,P<0.05)和间接路径的前半段(β=-0.15,t=-3.47,P<0.001);相比男生,惧怕否定评价对女生真实性和生命意义感的影响更强。结论:青少年惧怕否定评价可通过降低自我真实性,进而减少生命意义感。相比男生,惧怕否定评价对女生真实性和生命意义感的影响更强。

Objective:The present research focuses on the relationship between fear of negative evaluation,true self,gender and meaning in life of adolescents.Methods:A total of 1668 middle school student were surveyed with Fear of Negative Evaluation rating Scale,Presence of Meaning in Life Questionnaire,and Authenticity Scale.Results:(1)Fear of negative evaluation was negatively correlated with true self(r=-0.50,P<0.001)and meaning in life(r=-0.42,P<0.001),while true self was positively correlated with meaning in life(r=0.42,P<0.001).(2)True self played a partial mediating effect between fear of negative evaluation and meaning in life(the mediation effect=-0.12,Bootstrap 95%CI=-0.14~-0.09,themediation effect accounts for 33.33%).(3)Both the direct effect(β=-0.08,t=-2.04,P<0.05)and the first half of the indirect effect(β=-0.15,t=-3.47,P<0.001)of meaning in life use were moderated by gender,and these two effects both were stronger in women.Conclusion:Fear of negative evaluation of adolescents may influence their meaning in life by reducingauthenticity.This process is different between men and women.