主体再造与多元参与:“村民自办文化”的实践机制——基于内蒙古邓村的田野考察

Subjects Reconstruction and Multi⁃participation:The Practical Mechanism of“Villagers􀆳Self⁃run Culture”-Based on the Field Investigation of Deng Village in Inner Mongolia

在我国从“送文化”到“种文化”的农村公共文化政策转型过程中,“村民自办文化”已经成为构建农村公共文化内生机制进而实现乡村文化振兴的有效路径。本文以“国家-社会”为理论分析视角,基于对内蒙古邓村“村民自办文化”实践的田野考察发现:在乡村文化建设过程中,乡土社会内生主体在国家文化行政部门的政策推进下得以再造,文化供给主体日趋多元,形成了文化行政部门、文化志愿者、村民等多元主体构成的农村公共文化供给系统。通过政府的规范和引导、文化志愿者的组织和创作、村民的认同和支撑,多元文化主体在“村民自办文化”实践共同体中形成了相互支撑、相互联结的实践机制。

In the process of rural public cultural policy transformation from“sending culture”to“planting culture”,the“villagers􀆳self⁃run culture”has become an effective way to build the endogenous mechanism of rural public culture and realize the revitalization of rural culture.From the perspective of“state⁃society”,based on the field investigation of the practice of“villagers􀆳self⁃run culture”in Deng Village,Inner Mongolia,this paper finds that in the process of rural cultural construction,the endogenous subjects of local society can be reconstructed under the policy promotion of the national cultural administrative department,and the cultural supply subjects are becoming more and more diverse.The rural public culture supply network composed of multiple subjects such as national cultural administrative departments,cultural volunteers and villagers has been formed.Through the standardization and guidance by the government,the organization and creation of cultural volunteers and the recognition and support of villagers,the pluralistic cultural subjects of the state and society have formed a practice mechanism of mutual support and connection in the“villagers self⁃run culture”practice community.