20世纪中后期日本技术进步与日美经济摩擦

Japan’s Technical Progress and Japan-U.S.Economic Friction in the Middle and Late Twentieth Century

20世纪中后期,日本技术进步对日美两国经济摩擦产生了重要影响。一方面,日本通过技术进步持续提升产业竞争力,导致日美贸易不平衡问题加剧;另一方面,日本技术进步威胁了美国的技术霸权和垄断利益,促使美国运用一系列手段对日本进行技术遏制和打压,进一步激化了两国经济摩擦。从20世纪50年代初到90年代末,日美两国经济摩擦总体呈现从低技术产业摩擦到中高技术产业摩擦,再到高技术产业摩擦的演进路径。日本在应对美国技术打压的政策选择中,既有经验,亦有教训,值得深入研究。

In the middle and late 20th century,Japan’s technological progress had an important impact on the economic friction between Japan and the United States.On the one hand,Japan continued to improve its industrial competitiveness through technological progress,which led to the worsening of the Japan-U.S.trade imbalance.On the other hand,Japan’s technological progress posed a threat on the technological hegemony of the United States,prompting the U.S.to take a series of means to contain Japan’s development,which further intensified the economic friction between the two countries.From the early 1950s to the late 1990s,the Japan-U.S.economic frictions generally had shifted from low-tech industrial frictions to medium-high-tech industrial frictions,and then to high-tech industrial frictions.Japan’s experience of dealing with the technological oppression from the U.S.is worth studying deeply.