媒体立场建构--基于中非关系新闻标题立场标记语对比分析

The Construction of Media’s Stance--A Comparative Study of Stance Marker in Sino-African Relations Related News Headlines

在“一带一路”发展新时期,中非关系受到西方舆论导向的影响,维护好中非合作关系是打造命运共同体的生动范例。本研究基于立场标记语,通过非洲各国主流对于中非关系的相关报道进行分析,试图透过中非新闻标题来管窥双方官媒对于中非关系立场的异同。研究发现中非在标记语的使用上既有共性又有差异,共性在于双方均谨慎使用认知型标记语言;差异在于非方倾向于使用态度型标记语而中方则较多使用义务型标记语。在立场标记语的子类型使用上,双方均谨慎使用增强性标记语,回避使用模糊语,以转述语取代言据性标记语;双方在情感性标记语的使用无差异,在必要性、能愿性和评价性标记语的使用呈现出明显的差异。研究表明标记语的使用除了体现双方对于中非关系相关新闻事件立场的异同外,与新闻标题本身的特点有关。基于上述异同,本研究提出构建更加紧密的中非命运共同体的新闻标题策略。

It is of great importance to maintain a friendly and sustainable China-Africa tie, especially after the policy of “Belt and Road” initiative(B & R) was proposed, when Western media exerts profound influence to distort its original intention. By drawing on the framework of stance marker to compare the similarities and differences of stance marker in their news headline, this study aims to scrutinize the stance of Chinese and African media agencies. The result demonstrates that there are similarities and differences in their usage of stance marker, the similarity lies in their avoidance of orienting to epistemic stance marker, while their distinctions manifest in African media agency’s more employment of attitudinal stance marker in their writings and Chinese media agency’s more adoption of deontic stance marker in their newsheadlines. A closer study demonstrates that they both avoid the usage of boosters, intentionally decrease the occurrence of hedges and replace evidentialities with reported speech;there is no difference shown in their usage of affect stance marker, but in the usage of necessity, permission and evaluation stance marker, both indicate differences in a large scale. The results not only suggest their similar and different stance in relevant Chinese-African affairs, but also the unique features characterized by news headline. Informed by these findings, the study intends to propose some strategies beneficial to construct closer China-Africa community.