63例一氧化二氮滥用临床观察与分析

Clinical observation and analysis of 63 nitrous oxide abuse

目的 了解一氧化二氮(“笑气”)滥用群体人口学特征、临床特征及治疗情况。方法 回顾性收集2018年至2020年华佑医院收治的63例一氧化二氮滥用患者的病例资料进行分析总结。结果 一氧化二氮滥用患者以21~25岁年轻人(52.4%)、女性(64.71%)、学生(54%)群体为主,其中29.41%有海外生活经历,时长1个月至6年不等。滥用原因依次为朋友引诱(65.1%)、情绪低落(22.2%)、好奇(15.9%)。滥用后患者发生明显肌力减弱等躯体症状及抑郁情绪、自杀、幻觉妄想等精神症状,治疗后,躯体及精神症状均有改善。结论 笑气滥用呈年轻化特征,与缺乏知识、好奇、寻求刺激、同伴影响有关,需加强对青少年精神活性物质知识及危害的预防教育,对滥用者进行及时治疗干预,减少滥用对健康的损害。

Objective To investigate the demographic characteristics, mental health status and clinical treatment in Nitrous Oxide(N;O) abuse. Methods Data of 63 patients with N;O abuse admitted to HuaYou Hospital from 2018 to 2020 were collected retrospectively. Results N;O abused patients were mainly young ages(52.4%), females(64.71%) and students(54%), and 29.41% had overseas study experience. The duration of abuse ranges from one month to six years. The reasons for abuse were lured by friends(65.1%), depressive status(22.22%), and curiosity(15.9%). Physical symptoms such as obvious muscle weakness, as well as mental symptoms such as depressive emotion, suicide, hallucination and delusion, were observed. After treatment, both physical and mental symptoms were improved. Conclusion N;O abuse is characterized by youth, which is related to lack of knowledge, curiosity, seeking stimulation and peer influence. It is necessary to improve the preventive education on teenagers′ knowledge of psychoactive substances and its harm, in order to reduce negative effects of abuse.