上海市虹口区高血压流行状况及危险因素分析

Epidemiological Status and Its Risk Factors of Hypertension in Hongkou District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市虹口区居民高血压的流行现状,并探讨其危险因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法于2017年抽取虹口区978人作为调查对象,采用询问调查、体格测量和实验室检测的方式收集信息,并使用logistic回归分析对高血压的流行情况进行描述性流行病学分析。结果虹口区居民的高血压患病率为27.91%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥75岁(OR=2.298)、吸烟(OR=1.743)、食盐摄入较多(OR=1.673)、超重(OR=1.664)、肥胖(OR=2.241)、空腹血糖偏高(≥5.43 mmol/L,OR=1.776)、UACR偏高(≥12.29mg/g,OR=1.820)是高血压的危险因素。结论吸烟、食盐摄入过量、肥胖和超重是高血压发病的独立危险因素,应重视中青年居民高血压的防控。空腹血糖和UACR的升高是高血压发生的危险因素,同时也可作为筛选高血压高危人群的指标。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological status and risk factors of hypertension in Hongkou of Shanghai.Methods In 2017,978 residents in Hongkou were selected as the survey subjects by multi-stage stratified random sampling method.Data was collected by inquiry survey,anthropometric measurement and laboratory testing.Multiple logistic regression was performed to assess the risk factors of hypertension.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 27.91%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(≥75 years,OR=2.298),smoking(OR=1.743),higher salt intake(OR=1.673),overweight(OR=1.664),obesity(OR=2.241),high fasting blood glucose(≥5.43 mmol/L,OR=1.776),and high UACR(≥12.29mg/g,OR=1.820)were the risk factors of hypertension.Conclusion Smoking,excessive salt intake,obesity,and overweight are the independent risk factors for hypertension.The prevention and control of hypertension in young and middle-aged residents in Shanghai should be paid attention to.Elevated fasting blood glucose and UACR are the risk factors for hypertension,and can also be used as an indicator for screening high-risk groups of hypertension.