精神分裂症患者人格测验加工过程的自我偏向效应及视线追踪特征

Self-bias effect and eye-tracking characteristics of schizophrenia patients in personality test processing

目的采用眼动技术考察精神分裂症患者在人格测验项目反应加工过程的自我偏向效应及视线追踪特征。方法通过融合自我报告法与视线追踪技术,以“士兵职业基本适应性检测量表”为实验材料,同步采集精神分裂症组和健康组在人格测验答题过程的行为学及眼动指标。运用SPSS软件分析两组被试的自我加工差异与眼动差异。结果精神分裂症组比健康组有着更多的眼动行为,主要表现为题干及选项兴趣区内更密集的注视点数量(P<0.01),以及更频繁的有意义眼跳(P<0.01)。然而在指导语阅读过程中,精神分裂症组与健康组并没有出现上述眼动差异(P>0.05),说明精神分裂症患者不存在眼动基线差异。此外,健康组对题干及选项兴趣区的自我相关信息均投入较少的眼动行为,出现自我偏向效应;而精神分裂症组只在题干兴趣区出现自我偏向效应,说明精神分裂症组的自我偏向只存在于早期的条目编码理解阶段,在晚期的反应决策阶段自我偏向消失。结论通过自评式人格测验,提取精神分裂症患者项目反应加工过程的自我偏向效应与视线追踪特征,为实现人格特质及精神障碍的多模态鉴别提供实证依据。

Objective To investigate self-bias effect and eye-tracking characteristics of schizophrenia patients in personality test item response processing.Methods By self-report and eye-tracking techniques,we collected behavioral and eye-tracking data from patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls during item response processing based on Soldier Occupational Basic Adaptive Test.SPSS software was utilized to analyze group differences of self-bias effect and eye-tracking characteristics.Results Compared with healthy controls,patients with schizophrenia were characterized by more complicated eye movement_(PA)tterns,manifested as more intensive fixations(P<0.01)and more frequent meaningful saccades(P<0.01)in question stem and options area of interest.However,the differences above didn t be discovered in instruction reading(P>0.05),which indicated no baseline eye-tracking differences between the two groups.Besides,both item and options area of interest attracted less eye-tracking behaviors in the healthy controls,which presented self-bias effect,while self-bias effect above was only found in item area of interest in the patients with schizophrenia,which showed that self-bias effect only existed in early stage of item response processing,and disappeared in late stage.Conclusion By self-report personality test,we found the self-bias effect and eye-tracking characteristics of schizophrenia patients in item response processing,which provided empirical evidence for multimodal assessment of personality traits and mental disorders.