数字艺术品的权利凭证——NFT的价值来源、权利困境与应对方案

Authority Certificate of the Digital Artwork——NFT’s Value Source, Right Dilemma and Countermeasures

非同质化通证可与链外特定数字艺术品形成一一对应的映射关系,为之提供权利凭证。非同质化通证的价值来源包括所映射的特定数字资产,也包括自身独立价值,应作为网络虚拟财产纳入物权保护范围。实践中非同质化通证面临“铸造权”缺乏制约、去中心化存储的悖论及碎片化等法治困境。作为应对方案,机构上线非同质化通证前应承担审查其来源合法性的义务,发生侵权纠纷后可采用“基于区块链的纠纷解决机制”;中心化存储可以向多中心存储机制转换,对境外公有链采取完全去中心化的存储机制,事先引入区块链安全公司审计,设置黑名单制度及全网信息通报机制;监管机构打击本领域“标准化合约交易”、非法资产证券化等违规行为。

The non-fungible token can form a one-to-one mapping relationship with specific digital artworks outside the chain to provide the certificate of authority. The value source of the non-fungible token includes the mapped specific digital assets, as well as its own independent value, which should be included in the scope of property protection as a network virtual property. In practice, the non-fungible token is faced with many legal difficulties. As a response plan, the institution shall undertake the obligation to review the legitimacy of its source before launching the non-fungible token.