基于竖缝式鱼道的鱼类上溯试验研究

Experimental Study on Fish Abduction Based on Vertical Seam Fishway

为分析影响鱼类上溯的影响因素,基于竖缝式鱼道对19~27 cm体长范围内的鲫鱼开展连续上溯试验。通过物理模型和数值模拟相结合的方法,对鲫鱼上溯过程的位置与数值模拟得到池室内部的流速场和紊动能叠加分析,得到鲫鱼上溯所喜好的流速范围。试验结果表明,体长为19~27 cm的鲫鱼上溯所喜好的池室流速范围为0.091~0.524 m/s,试验中水流的紊动能最大值为0.0356 m^(2)/s^(2),小于0.050 m^(2)/s^(2),属于低紊动能区,适合鱼类上溯,鱼类在上溯过程中会寻找流速和紊动能低的地方进行上溯。研究成果可为其他鱼类上溯提供参考。

In order to analyze the influencing factors of fish backtracking, a continuous backtracking experiment was carried out on crucian carp in the range of 19 cm~27 cm body length based on the vertical seam fishway. Through the combination of physical model and numerical simulation, the location and numerical simulation of crucian carp upstream process are obtained, the superposition analysis of velocity field and turbulent kinetic energy in the pool chamber is obtained, and the preferred velocity range of crucian carp upstream is obtained, which plays a reference role for other fish upstream research. The test results show that the preferred velocity range of Carassius auratus with a body length of 19 cm^(2)7 cm is 0.091 m/s~ 0.524 m/s, and the maximum turbulent kinetic energy of the water flow in the test is 0.035 6 m^(2)/s^(2), less than 0.050 m^(2)/s^(2). It belongs to the low turbulent kinetic energy area, which is suitable for fish upstream. Fish will look for places with low velocity and turbulent kinetic energy in the process of upstream. The research results can provide reference for other fish to trace back.