从司马懿看道家思想对兵学文化的影响

The Influence of Taoism on Military Culture from the Perspective of Sima Yi

司马懿的思想经历了从儒家思想向道家思想转变的过程,这使其成为典型的道兵家人物。追溯其思想本源,包括老子哲学和新黄老哲学,分析其政治军事实践活动,可以看出道家基本思想对兵家人物和兵学文化的深刻影响,具体表现在冷眼旁观与战略卓见、守弱哲学与隐忍待机、因顺自然与权谋变化、刻薄寡恩与心狠手辣四个方面。

Sima Yi’s thought experience has a process of changing from Confucianism to Taoism,which makes him a typical Taoist and military strategist.By tracing back to the origin of his thoughts(including Laozi’s philosophy and new Huang-Lao philosophy)and analyzing his political and military practice,the profound influence of basic Taoist ideology on military figures and culture can be found out,which includes four aspects,that is,indifferent observation and strategic insight,weak-guard philosophy and forbearance,conformity to nature and maneuver,and meanness and ruthlessness.