近自然功能型湿地在河口湿地工程中的应用

Application of Near Nature Functional Wetland in Estuarine Wetland Project

某水域是华北地区的核心水系与生态之地,具有生态环境要求高、生态敏感性高等特点。为保障该水域水质安全,实施河口湿地水质净化工程。该工程占地4.23 km^(2),设计处理规模25万m^(3)/d,建成后将成为北方地区最大的近自然功能型湿地。工程采用“前置沉淀生态塘+水平潜流湿地+水生植物塘”的近自然组合工艺,在满足水质净化要求的同时,可恢复湿地生态并塑造湿地景观,符合相关水域生态环境保护要求,具有显著的环境效益、生态效益和社会经济效益。该工艺流程可有效应对大水量、低污染水体的水质提升需求,适用于生态敏感性高的北方湖泊和河口地区,所取得的经验可为类似工程提供借鉴与参考。

A waters is the core water system and ecological land in North China,which has the characteristics of high ecological environment requirements and high ecological sensitivity.In order to ensure the water quality,the water purification project of estuarine wetland was carried out.Covering an area of 4.23 km^(2) with a design treatment scale of 250000 m^(3)/d,the project will become the largest near nature functional wetland in northern China after completion.The Near-natural combination process of"pre-sedimentation ecological pond+horizontal subsurface flow wetland+hydrophyte pond"was adopted.At the same time of meeting the requirements of water purification,wetland ecology was restored and landscape formed as well.It complied with the ecological environmental protection needs of the relevant waters and brought remarkable environmental,ecological and socio-economic benefits.The process can effectively deal with water quality improvement of large amount of water with low pollution.It is suitable for the lakes and estuarine area with high ecological sensitivity in Northern China.The experience can provide a reference for similar projects.