蒙贝利亚×荷斯坦杂交一代与纯种荷斯坦母犊生理参数比较

Comparison of physiological parameters between first crossing calves of Montbéliade×Holstein and pure Holstein female calves

旨在比较蒙贝利亚与荷斯坦杂交一代母犊初生及2月龄的生理参数,并计算各参数的参考区间。试验以纯种荷斯坦母犊为对照组,以蒙贝利亚牛为父本,荷斯坦奶牛为母本,进行杂交获得的F1代母犊为试验组,测定初生及2月龄犊牛的生长性能、直肠温度、呼吸频率、脉搏、血液常规、血清生化及激素水平。结果显示:1)试验组初生体质量、体高,2月龄体质量、体斜长、日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05);2)试验组2月龄白细胞数、平均红细胞体积、血小板数目,初生及2月龄血小板体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量及浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组初生红细胞分布宽度标准差、血小板数目,2月龄红细胞数、红细胞压积,初生及2月龄血小板分布宽度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3)试验组初生生长激素水平,初生及2月龄天冬氨酸氨基转移酶和丙氨酸氨基转移酶活力、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05),2月龄肌酸激酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,蒙荷杂交一代母犊生长性能优越,在抗炎、抗细胞损伤方面表现上佳,但血小板体积,血清生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ水平低于荷斯坦奶牛。同时,本试验为蒙荷杂交一代初生及2月龄母犊各项生理参数提供了参考区间,以期为蒙荷杂交一代牛的健康养殖提供数据支持。

The aim of this experiment was to study the physiological parameters of the hybrid generation of Montbéliade and Holstein(MB×HS)cattle at birth and 2 months old,and calculate the reference interval of each parameter.The F1 generation test group was set up and compared with pure Holstein female cattle under the same feeding conditions.The growth performance,vital signs,blood routine,serum biochemistry and hormone levels were measured at the calf’s birth and 2 months of age.The result showed that:1)The body weight and body height at brith,as well as the body weight,body oblique length and average daily gain at the age of 2 months in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).2)The mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH)and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)of the test group at birth were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The number of white blood cells(WBC),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),platelet number(PLT),mean platelet volume(MPV),MCH,and MCHC of the test group were significantly lower than those of the control group at the age of 2 months(P<0.05).The red cell volume distribution width-standard deviation(RDW-SD),PLT,and platelet distribution width(PDW)of the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group at birth(P<0.05).Red blood cell count(RBC),hematocrit(HCT),PDW of the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the age of 2 months(P<0.05).3)Besides the activities of alanine transaminase(ALT)and aspartate transaminase(AST),the concentration of growth hormone(GH)and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ)in the test group were significantly lower than those in the control group at birth and 2months old(P<0.05).The concentration of GH in the test group were significantly lower than those of the control group at newborn(P<0.05).The activity of creatine kinase(CK)in the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group at 2months old(P<0.05).The results indicated that the MB×HS cattle have superior growth performance,and excellent performance in anti-inflammatory and anti-cell damage,but the MPV,and the concentration of GH and IGF-I in serum are lower than Holstein.Moreover,this study provides a reference interval for the physiological parameters of the MB×HS cattle at birth and 2months of age,hoping to provide a reference for the healthy breeding of MB×HS cattle.