对虾白斑综合征病毒快速检测技术研究进展

Advances in Rapid Detection of White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp

对虾白斑综合征病毒可引发对虾白斑病,是一种威胁对虾生长的、复制速度极快、毒性极强的病原体,会对养虾业造成巨大的经济损失。由于该病毒的感染机制极为复杂,目前尚无有效的治疗手段来干预该病的无限制发生和传播,只能早发现早防疫,因此对该病毒的快速检测至关重要。本文对对虾白斑综合征病毒的检测技术进行了综述,分析了组织病理学、免疫学及分子生物学检测技术的研究进展及优缺点。基于LAMP、RPA及与CRISPR-Cas12a基因编辑技术相结合的快速核酸检测技术具有易于操作、检测时间短、适用于现场监测的优势,具有很好的发展前景。

White spot syndrome virus(WSSV)can cause white spot disease of prawn.It is a kind of pathogen with high replication speed and strong toxicity that threatens the growth of prawn.The infection of prawn will cause huge economic losses to the shrimp industry.Because the infection mechanism of the virus is very complex,there is no effective treatment to intervene the unlimited occurrence and spread of the disease,early detection and early prevention,so the rapid detection of the virus is very important.In this paper,the detection technology of white spot syndrome virus was reviewed,and the research progress and advantages and disadvantages of histopathology,immunology and molecular biology detection technology were analyzed.The rapid nucleic acid detection technology based on lamp,RPA and crispr-cas12a gene editing technology has the advantages of easy operation,short detection time,suitable for on-site monitoring,and has a good development prospect.