计及峰谷分时电价与需求响应的互联网数据中心储能经济性分析

Economic analysis of IDC with energy storage system considering peak valley time-of-use price

“双碳”和数字经济背景下,我国大力发展光伏、风电等可再生能源发电,同时积极推进互联网数据中心、5G、工业物联网等新型基础设施建设。风电、光伏具有间歇性、波动性,大量接入电网将对电网的安全以及电能质量产生影响,国内外学者已有研究成果表明可以通过虚拟电厂或需求响应来平衡电源侧与需求侧。一方面,互联网数据中心具有用电负荷高、耗电量大等特点,其配备储能电池有望成为虚拟电厂的理想可控负荷;另一方面,数据中心耗电量高导致运营成本高昂,充分利用峰谷分时电价或市场化需求响应可以降低运营成本。应用储能价值评估模型对大型数据中心配置储能系统参与峰谷分时电价降低运营成本进行研究,以期达到储能系统建设费用及能耗费用最低。以广东省某大型数据中心为应用实例,其最大用电负荷为15384 kW。仿真计算表明,该数据中心配置储能电池,每天“两充两放”削峰填谷可降低运行成本9%,投资回收年限为3.3年,具有较好的经济性。

Under the background of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, our country develop renewable energy power generation vigorously, such as photovoltaic and wind power and actively promotes the construction of new infrastructure such as Internet data center, 5G and industrial Internet of things. Renewable energy power generation has the disadvantages of intermittency and fluctuation, a large amount of access to the grid seriously affects the grid security and electricity quality. The research results of Scholars at home and abroad have show n that the virtual power plants or demand response technology can be used to balance the power supply side and demand side. IDC has the characteristics of high power load and large power consumption, equipped with energy storage battery, it can be an ideal controllable load of virtual power plant. On the other hand, the high power consumption of the data center leads to high operating costs, which can be significantly reduced by participating in peak valley arbitrage or marketoriented demand response. The value evaluation model of energy storage is applied to study the allocation of energy storage system in large-scale data to participate in peak valley TOU price and reduce operation cost, so as to minimize the construction cost and energy consumption cost of energy storage system. A large-scale IDC in Guangdong as an application example, the maximum load is 15 384 kW. The simulation calculation showed that operation cost of the IDC equipped with energy storage system was reduced by 9%,and payback period was 3.3 years, which has good economy.