儿童中枢神经系统病毒感染实验室诊断的现状与思考

Current status and future considerations on laboratory diagnosis of viral central nervous system infections in children

儿童中枢神经系统病毒感染有较高的致残、致死率,严重威胁儿童生命健康。鉴于脑脊液中的病原体载量较低和传统检测技术的限制等原因,早期的病原学诊断不够理想。随着多重聚合酶链反应、数字聚合酶链反应、病原体核酸即时检验、宏基因组高通量测序等技术的发展,越来越多的病毒学诊断技术走进临床实验室。本文就儿童中枢神经系统病毒感染的实验室诊断现状及未来的发展方向进行论述。

Viral central nervous system infection(VCNSI),with high disability and mortality rates,is a serious threat for the health of children.Given the low pathogen load in cerebrospinal fluid and limitations of conventional virus detection technology,the early pathogenic diagnosis methods are less than ideal.With the development of multiplex polymerase chain reaction(PCR),digital PCR,point-of-care testing detection of nucleic acid,and metagenome high-throughput sequencing,the clinical use of viral diagnostic technologies has become more prevalent.In this comment,the current status and future directions of laboratory diagnosis of VCNSI in children are discussed.