心肌细胞直接重编程在心脏再生中的研究进展

Progress of direct cardiac reprogramming in cardiac regeneration

心肌细胞直接重编程是指利用多种转录因子的组合将心肌成纤维细胞直接编程为诱导的心肌样细胞,而不经过典型的干细胞阶段。通过优化转录因子组合、调节表观遗传因子、添加miRNAs或其他小分子以及体内外微环境的影响,可进一步提高直接重编程效率,从而有望实现心肌梗死及缺血再灌注损伤后的心脏再生。基于此,本文回顾了直接心脏重编程的起源以及在提高重编程效率等方面取得的一系列进展,初步探讨了心肌细胞直接重编程潜在的分子机制,并指出了心脏重编程仍然存在的挑战与未来的发展方向,以期为直接重编程在心脏再生中的研究提供新的思路。

Direct cardiomyocyte reprogramming refers to the direct programming of cardiac fibroblasts into induced cardiomyocyte-like cells using a combination of multiple transcription factors without going through the typical stem cell stage.By changing the mix of transcription factors,regulating epigenetic factors,adding miRNAs or other small molecules and the influence of in vivo and in vitro microenvironment,the efficiency of direct reprogramming could be further improved,which is expected to achieve cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction and ischemia-reperfusion injury.Based on these,this paper firstly reviewed the origin of direct cardiac reprogramming and the progress of in improving reprogramming efficiency.Then,we also preliminarily discussed the potential molecular mechanism of direct cardiac reprogramming,pointing out the existing challenge of direct cardiac reprogramming and its development prospect for the future,so as to offer reference to the research of direct reprogramming in cardiac regeneration.