基于上肢抬举作业人员的穿戴式辅助装置设计及人机工程仿真分析

Design of wearable auxiliary device based on upper limb lifting workers and ergonomics simulation analysis

针对上肢抬举作业人群职业性肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)高发的问题, 设计一种穿戴式辅助装置。该辅助器具通过扭转弹簧机构, 对作业人员上肢进行托举, 降低手臂肌肉的紧张程度, 通过可调节高度的背部支架, 适应不同身高的穿戴者。应用SoildWorks软件构建辅助装置3D模型, 以Jack为主要仿真工具, 调整辅助装置与数字模拟人之间的相对位置及约束, 对上肢抬举作业虚拟模型进行仿真分析。通过对穿戴辅助装置前后数字模拟人的《快速上肢评估量表》(RULA)评分、Krist舒适度评分、双手可达域仿真结果的对比, 验证了该穿戴式辅助装置对于降低上肢抬举作业人群WMSDs风险的效果。

In order to solve the problem of high incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs)in upper limb lifting workers,a wearable auxiliary device which could be used in upper limb lifting operation was designed.The auxiliary device could be used in upper limb lifting through torsion spring device to reduce the tension of the arm muscles.The back bracket could be adjusted to adapt to the wearers of different height.The 3D model of the auxiliary device was constructed by using SoildWorks software.And the relative position and constraint between the auxiliary device and the digital simulation human were adjusted by using Jack as the main simulation tool.And then the virtual model of upper limb lifting were simulated and analyzed.Through the comparison of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment(RULA)scale,Krist comfort score and simulation results of two-handed reachable domain before and after wearing the auxiliary device,which proved that the wearable auxiliary device could reduce the risk of WMSDs in upper limb lifting workers.