讨赖河流域泥沙输移规律及其成因分析

Patterns of the sediment transport in the Taolai River Basin

以讨赖河流域内的讨赖河与洪水河为研究对象,采用嘉峪关水文站和新地水文站1954-2018年的月平均流量和月平均悬移质含沙量数据,对讨赖河流域的水沙输移规律及其影响因素进行了统计分析。结果表明:讨赖河流域水沙年内分配不均,其输沙量和径流量基本集中在6-8月的汛期,且其变化趋势基本一致,呈“单峰型”分布。M-K非参数检验法和相关性分析显示讨赖河干支流径流量差异显著,与水沙显著相关,说明水沙同源。分析表明人类活动是影响讨赖河干支流径流量和输沙量变化的关键因素,其对讨赖河和洪水河输沙贡献率分别达到了55.72%和67.14%。

The time series of annual runoff and sediment discharge of Binggou hydrological station in the Taolai River and Xindi hydrological station of the Hongshui River were analyzed based on the measured data of runoff and sediment during 1954-2018. The driving factors of transport patterns along the river were analyzed. The results show that the temporal and spatial distribution of runoff and sediment transport are uneven and the annual variation is large. The rainfall in the upper reaches of the Tanglai River and the Hongshui River are concentrated in the flood season from June to August, which is also the concentrated period of runoff and sediment production. Sediment transport and runoff change trends of the two rivers are basically consistent, showing a "single peak type". M-K nonparametric test and the correlation analysis of runoff and sediment show that there are different sources of runoff and sediment in the Taolai River and Hongshui River. in addition, precipitation and human activities are the key factors affecting the runoff and sediment discharge in the main stream of the Taolai and Hongshui rivers, which contribute to the sediment transport of the Taolai River and the Hongshui River reached 55.72% and 67.14%, respectively.