坑道作业官兵应激反应、心理弹性与健康关系的研究

Study on relationships among psychological stress,resilience and mental health in tunnels soldiers

目的 探讨应激反应、心理弹性与坑道作业官兵心理健康间关系,为坑道作业官兵心理健康维护提供理论依据。方法 2020年7月,随机整群抽取坑道作业官兵256人,使用军人心理应激自评问卷、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、心理弹性问卷进行测评。结果 有训练期望坑道作业官兵躯体化得分为(1.47±0.27)分、强迫为(1.56±0.26)分、人际敏感为(1.53±0.33)分、抑郁为(1.47±0.40)分、焦虑为(1.50±0.28)分、恐惧为(1.50±0.16)分,6个因子得分及心理健康总均分[(1.50±0.23)分]显著低于无训练期望官兵得分[(1.60±0.18)、(1.77±0.20)、(1.78±0.16)、(1.62±0.26)、(1.57±0.26)、(1.59±0.28)和(1.69±0.12)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。有放松训练的坑道作业官兵躯体化等6个因子得分及心理健康总分显著低于放松训练官兵,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。应激反应、坚韧性、力量性对坑道作业官兵心理健康均具有显著的预测作用(均P<0.05)。坚韧性和力量性在应激反应与心理健康间具有中介作用,其中介效应比分别为7.2%和5.0%。结论 坑道作业官兵心理健康因训练期望、放松训练、对坑道知识掌握以及适应程度而异。坚韧性和力量性在应激反应与心理健康间具有部分中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship among psychological stress,resilience and mental health in tunnels soldiers,provide theoretical basis for mental health maintenance of tunnel soldiers. Methods Totally 256 tunnels soldiers were chosen by random cluster sampling method and measured with psychological stress self-evaluation test,symptom checklist-90(SCL-90),and resilience scale. Results The scores of six factors,including somatization[(1.47±0.27)points],force[(1.56±0.26)points],interpersonal sensitivity[(1.53±0.33)points],depress[(1.47±0.40)points],anxiety[(1.50±0.28)points],fear[(1.50±0.16)points],and total score of mental health[(1.50±0.23)points] among the soldiers who had expectation were lower than those among the soldiers who had no expectation[(1.60±0.18),(1.77±0.20),(1.78±0.16),(1.62±0.26),(1.57±0.26),(1.59±0.28) and(1.69±0.12)points],and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). The scores of the six factors,as well as the total score of mental health among soldiers who had relaxation training were significantly lower than those among soldiers who had no relaxation training(all P<0.05). The psychological stress,tenacity and strength had significant predictive effect on mental health of tunnels soldiers(all P<0.05). The tenacity and strength played a mediating role between psychological stress and mental health,and the rate of mediating effect was7.2% and 5.0% respectively. Conclusion The mental health of tunnels soldiers is influenced by the Training expectation,relaxation training,mastery of tunnel knowledge and adaptability. The tenacity and strength play a partial mediating role between psychological stress and mental health.