手术室护士职业认同和心理资本对共情疲劳的影响分析

Analysis on effect of professional identity and psychological capital on compassion fatigue among nurses in operating room

目的 调查手术室护士共情疲劳现状,分析职业认同、心理资本对共情疲劳的影响。方法 采用方便抽样法选取2021年3—6月四川省川东北地区7所三级甲等综合医院的354名手术室护士为调查对象,采用护士职业认同评定量表、心理资本问卷和共情疲劳量表展开调查,并对数据进行分析。结果 手术室护士共情疲劳得分为(87.60±12.93)分,共情满意得分为(32.25±8.80)分,职业倦怠得分为(27.70±8.45)分,继发性创伤应激得分为(27.64±8.91)分。职业认同和心理资本与共情满意呈高度正相关(均P<0.01),与职业倦怠、继发性创伤应激呈负相关(均P<0.01)。心理资本在职业认同与共情满意间起中介作用,路径系数为0.362,在职业认同与职业倦怠间起中介作用,路径系数为-0.642,效应值均显著(均P<0.01)。结论 护理管理者应关注手术室护士的共情疲劳,可通过增强其心理资本来减轻共情疲劳。

Objective To investigate the status quo of empathy fatigue among nurses in the operating room,analyze the impact of professional identity and psychological capital on empathy fatigue. Methods By the convenient sampling method,354 operating room nurses from seven grade-A tertiary general hospitals in northeastern Sichuan Province were selected as the research objects from March to June 2021,the nurse occupational identity rating scale,psychological capital questionnaire,and empathy fatigue scale were used to develop the study,and the data were analyzed. Results The empathy fatigue score of operating room nurses was(87.60±12.93)points,the empathy satisfaction score was(32.25±8.80)points,the occupational burnout score was(27.70±8.45)points,and the score of secondary traumatic stress was(27.64±8.91)points. The occupational identity and psychological capital were highly positively correlated with empathy satisfaction(all P<0.01),and negatively correlated with occupational burnout and secondary traumatic stress(all P<0.01). The psychological capital played an intermediary role between occupational identity and empathy satisfaction,with the path coefficient of 0.362,and it played an intermediary role between occupational identity and job burnout,with the path coefficient of-0.642,which the effect values were significant(all P<0.01). Conclusion Nursing managers should pay attention to the empathy fatigue of nurses in the operating room,which can reduce empathy fatigue by enhancing their psychological capital.