2017-2020年十堰市公共场所嗜肺军团菌污染状况及病原学分析

Analysis on contamination status and etiological analysis of Legionella pneumophila in public places in Shiyan City from 2017-2020

目的 了解2017—2020年十堰市公共场所嗜肺军团菌污染状况及病原学特征,为预防和控制军团菌病提供针对性措施。方法 对2017—2020年采集自十堰市公共场所的淋浴水、冷凝水及冷却水进行嗜肺军团菌检测,并对嗜肺军团菌分离株进行血清分型及脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis,PFGE)分型。结果 共采集并检测样本517份,嗜肺军团菌检出率为7.54%;住宿场所嗜肺军团菌检出率最高28.79%,各类场所检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);淋浴水、冷凝水及冷却水的检出率分别为4.41%、12.50%及27.42%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.04,P<0.01)。41株嗜肺军团菌分离株可分为5种血清型,其中LP1为优势血清型53.66%;41株分离株产生19种PFGE带型,相似度在43%~100%之间,显示出本地特有的遗传多样性。结论 2017—2020年十堰市公共场所嗜肺军团菌污染状况不容忽视,应根据十堰市公共场所嗜肺军团菌污染状况及病原学特征,加大公共场所卫生监管及监测力度。

Objective To realize the contamination status and etiological characteristics of Legionella pneumophila in public places in Shiyan City from 2017-2020,provide targeted measures for the prevention and control of legionnaire disease. Methods The shower water,condensed water and cooling water collected from public places in Shiyan City during 2017-2020 were detected for Legionella pneumophila. The isolates of Legionella pneumophila were classified by serotyping and pulsed field gel electrophoresis(PFGE). Results A total of 517 samples were collected and tested,and the detection rate of Legionella pneumophila was 7.54%.The detection rate of Legionella pneumophila in hotels was the highest(28.79%),and there was statistically significant difference in the detection rate among different places(P<0.01). The detection rate of shower water,condensate water and cooling water was4.41%,12.50% and 27.42%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (χ^(2)=42.04,P<0.01). The 41 isolates of Legionella pneumophila were divided into five serotypes,furthermore,LP1 was the dominant serotype(53.66%). The 41 isolates produced 19 types of PFGE with similarity between 43%-100%,indicating a local genetic diversity. Conclusion The contamination status of Legionella pneumophila in public places in Shiyan City from 2017-2020 can not be ignored,and it is necessary to strengthen the health supervision and monitoring according to the contamination status and etiological characteristics of Legionella pneumophila in public places in Shiyan City.