泉州市某高职医学院不同年级高职护生共情能力与死亡焦虑的相关分析

Correlation analysis between empathy and death anxiety in nursing students of different grades in a higher vocational medical college of Quanzhou City

目的 了解不同年级高职护生共情能力现状,分析高职护生共情能力与死亡焦虑的关系,探究不同年级护生共情能力程度并探寻其影响因素。方法 2021年4—6月,采用便利取样法抽取福建省泉州市某医学高职院校不同年级护理专业学生共2 081名,使用一般资料情况、护生共情量表、死亡焦虑量表调查其共情能力与死亡焦虑情况,并对数据进行分析。结果 高职护生共情能力得分为(63.08±11.53)分。大一年级护生共情能力得分为(62.09±11.37)分,大二年级得分为(63.75±11.65)分,大三年级得分为(63.82±11.51)分,大一年级护生共情总体水平显著低于大二和大三年级护生(均P<0.05)。生源、专业、家庭经济状况、年级及死亡焦虑分级均是护生共情能力的影响因素(均P<0.05),护生共情能力与压力与痛苦呈负相关关系(P<0.05),与时间意识呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论 泉州市某高职医学院高职护生共情能力水平普遍低,其中大一年级表现尤为突出,护理教育管理者应重视思想教育,重视低年级护生的思想动态,同时关注护生死亡焦虑的变化,需针对不同年级护生制定干预措施。

Objective To investigate the empathy status of higher vocational nursing students of different grades,analyze the relationship between empathy and death anxiety in higher vocational nursing students,and explore the empathy of nursing students in different grades and its influencing factors. Methods From April to June 2021,a total of 2 081 nursing students of different grades were collected from a medical vocational college in Quanzhou City of Fujian Province by convenient sampling method. Their empathy and death anxiety were studied using general data,nursing students empathy scale and death anxiety scale,and the data were analyzed. Results The scores of empathy ability of higher vocational nursing students were(63.08±11.53)points. The scores of empathy ability in freshmen nursing students,sophomore nursing students and junior students were(62.09±11.37),(63.75±11.65) and(63.82±11.51)points,respectively,and the general level of empathy of freshmen was significantly lower than that of sophomores and juniors(all P<0.05). The students’ origin,major,family economic status,grade and death anxiety grade were the factors affecting the empathy of nursing students(all P<0.05). The empathy of nursing students was negatively correlated with stress and pain(P<0.05),and positively correlated with time awareness(P<0.05). Conclusion The empathy ability in nursing students of a higher vocational medical college of Quanzhou City,especially in freshmen,nursing education managers should pay attention to ideological education,particularly the ideological dynamics of nursing students in lower grades,and the changing of death anxiety of nursing students,and formulate intervention measures for different grades of nursing students.