盆底功能障碍性疾病康复治疗研究进展

Research progress on rehabilitation treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction disease

盆底功能障碍性疾病通常由盆底肌肉松弛和盆底损伤引起,多发生于盆底手术、剖宫产及自然分娩过程中。盆底功能障碍性疾病主要症状有便秘、会阴及肛门坠胀感、腹胀等。盆底功能障碍性疾病是产后及中老年女性的常见疾病,严重影响患者的生活质量和身心健康,具有高发病率、低就诊率、低自然缓解率的特点,因此进行早期评估、筛查及预防治疗意义重大。目前对于疾病相关知识的了解相对来说比较全面,治疗的方案和医学技术已经不断完善成熟,但由于盆底功能障碍性疾病的病因十分复杂,如何对症治疗和减少并发症的发生是临床治疗的重点及难点。本文总结了盆底功能障碍的原因及诸多病变的临床表现,并综述了盆底功能障碍性疾病康复的治疗方法进展,为盆底功能障碍性疾病的后续的临床研究及治疗提供参考方案。

Pelvic floor dysfunction disease usually is caused by pelvic floor muscle relaxation and pelvic floor injury.It often occurs in the process of pelvic floor surgery,cesarean section and natural delivery.The main symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction disease are constipation,perineal and anal distension,abdominal distension and so on.Pelvic floor dysfunction disease is a common disease in postpartum and middle-aged and elderly women,which seriously affects the quality of life and physical and mental health of patients.It has the characteristics of high incidence rate,low treatment rate and low natural remission rate.Therefore,early evaluation,screening,prevention and treatment are of great significance.At present,the understanding of disease-related knowledge is relatively comprehensive,and the treatment scheme and medical technology have been continuously improved and matured.However,due to the complex etiology of pelvic floor dysfunction disease,how to treat the symptoms and reduce the occurrence of complications is the focus and difficulty of clinical treatment.This paper summarizes the causes of pelvic floor dysfunction and the clinical manifestations of many lesions,and reviews the progress of rehabilitation treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction disease,so as to provide a reference scheme for the follow-up clinical research and treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction disease.