延续护理在老年慢性心血管疾病中的应用进展

Application progress of continuing nursing in elderly patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases

近些年由于社会经济水平快速提升,人民生活方式发生了较大改变,慢性心血管疾病患者基数持续攀升,加之人口老龄化的影响,患者中老年群体占比越来越高。有研究统计,老年慢性心血管疾病患者在院内接受系统诊治后,出院后再入院的风险性较高,认为与患者及其家庭缺乏有效的健康管理意识及能力存在密切的关联性,导致患者在院外无法有效规避风险因素或是长期遵医嘱进行康复治疗等。《中国卫生事业发展规划纲要(2011-2015年)》中提出,对于老年慢性疾病群体应逐步构建长期护理服务体系,并不断完善,确保此类患者可以长期享受到护理、健康教育、康复等服务。由此可见,针对慢性心血管疾病患者,不仅要为其提供医院内系统诊治,还需要做好院外康复管理、预防疾病复发等工作。本文结合既往研究资料发现,延续护理可全面覆盖老年慢性心血管疾病患者院外康复的整个阶段。本文对既往老年慢性心血管疾病延续护理研究内容进行综述,旨在为临床提供有价值的参考。

In recent years,due to the rapid improvement of the socio-economic level,major changes have taken place in the national lifestyle,and the patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases continues to rise.And with the impact of ageing,the proportion of patients in the middle-aged and elderly population is increasing.According to research statistics,after receiving systematic diagnosis and treatment in the hospital,elderly patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases have a higher risk of re-admission after discharge.It is believed that there is a close correlation with the patients and their families’lack of effective health management awareness and ability,which renders patients outside the hospital not able to effectively avoid risk factors or follow the doctor’s instructions for long-term rehabilitation.The Outline of China’s Health Service Development Plan(2011-2015)proposes that for the elderly with chronic diseases,a longterm care service system should be gradually established and continuously improved to ensure that such patients can enjoy long-term care,health education,and rehabilitation services.It can be seen that for patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases,it is not only necessary to provide them with in-hospital system diagnosis and treatment,but also to do a good job in out-of-hospital rehabilitation management and prevention of disease recurrence.This article,combined with previous research data,finds that continuing nursing can fully cover the entire stage of out-of-hospital rehabilitation of elderly patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases.Therefore,the research contents of continuing nursing for elderly patients with chronic cardiovascular diseases is summarized,to provide valuable reference for clinical practice.