儿童哮喘吸入药物治疗依从性研究进展

Research progress of compliance for children with asthma by inhalation medication

支气管哮喘简称哮喘,是炎性细胞和免疫细胞等共同参与的非特异性慢性气道疾病。哮喘的发病机制目前尚未完全明确,涉及免疫、遗传、环境等多种因素,且其发病率呈逐年上升趋势。哮喘尚无有效根治方法,其反复发作不但严重危害患儿身心健康,还会影响家庭生活质量,增加医疗资源负担。据2019全球哮喘防治创议指南及我国儿童支气管哮喘诊治指南推荐,吸入性糖皮质激素仍作为儿童哮喘缓解期长期控制的首选药物。依从性又称为遵医行为、顺从性,是指患者的行为与医务人员建议相符合的程度。目前研究发现,哮喘患儿长期使用糖皮质激素的依从性较差导致儿童哮喘反复发作,从而增加患儿病死率。本文通过对哮喘儿童吸入给药治疗装置、吸入给药治疗依从性影响因素及以信息技术为主导的护理干预措施进行综述,旨在为提高哮喘儿童吸入给药治疗依从性提供理论参考。

Bronchial asthma is abbreviated as asthma,which refers to a non-specific chronic airway disease involving inflammatory cells and immune cells.The pathogenes of asthma has not yet been fully clarified,involving immune,genetic,environmental and other factors,and its incidence is increasing year by year.There is no effective cure for asthma.Its repeated attacks not only seriously endanger the physical and mental health of children,but also affect the quality of family life and increase the burden of medical resources.According to the recommendations of the 2019 Global Asthma Prevention and Treatment Guidelines and our country’s Children’s Bronchial Asthma Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines,inhaled glucocorticoids are still the first choice for long-term control of childhood asthma in remission.Compliance,also known as compliance behavior and compliance,refers to the degree to which the patient’s behavior conforms to the medical staff’s recommendations.Current studies have found that the poor compliance of long-term use of glucocorticoids in children with asthma leads to repeated attacks of asthma in children,thereby increasing the mortality rate of children.This article reviews the inhaled drug treatment devices,inhaled drug therapy compliance factors and information technologyled nursing interventions for children with asthma,aiming to provide theoretical reference to improve the compliance of asthma children with inhaled drug therapy.